How to Diagnose ADHD
A clinical interview is not enough to diagnose ADHD. Diagnostic assessments include self-assessments, questionnaires, physical exams medical, psychiatric and family histories and neuropsychological tests.
To be diagnosed with ADHD, the person must meet certain criteria for inattention, hyperactivity or impulsivity that hinders everyday functioning. For adults, the symptoms should have been present since childhood and can't be explained by other disorders.
1. Observation
If you suspect that you or your child may be suffering from ADHD it is essential to see a doctor. ADHD is a complex condition that can be difficult to identify since the symptoms are similar to those of other conditions such as depression or sleep disorders. Doctors typically employ a combination of physical examinations, psychological testing and questionnaires to determine if someone is suffering from ADHD.
To be diagnosed with ADHD, the person must exhibit symptoms in at least two or more environments like work and school and the symptoms must result in significant impairment as described by at least one other person. The symptoms must also be present in childhood, before the age of 12, and must have lasted for at least six months. A loss of employment, a lot of conflict in a relationship, inability to pay bills on schedule or get a poor grade could all be indicators of impairment.
During a comprehensive clinical interview, a health care professional who is evaluating ADHD will interview your child or you about past and present issues and signs. The professional may ask to speak to people who know you or your child, like coaches, teachers or coworkers. They will inquire about how often your child forgets things or is late to appointments, or fails to follow through on tasks. They will also note if you or your child is fidgety, has difficulty sitting still, or interrupts other people.
It's also important to determine what training the professional has and the level of their expertise working with adults with ADHD. If the professional is unwilling to provide this information, it could be a sign that they're not the right fit for you or your family.
2. Questionnaires
Diagnosing ADHD is the first step to manage this disorder. Inattention and forgetfulness, mood swings and a lack of focus are all signs of ADHD. Many sufferers also experience problems with their relationships. If a person is diagnosed with the disorder they can take actions to improve their quality of life by taking medication for their focus and staying clear of distractions.
To get a diagnosis, a certified evaluation specialist will use questionnaires as well as standard behavior rating scales to gather information about the person's symptoms. The questionnaires are usually utilized with teens and children but they can also be given to adults. Teachers, parents, employees at the workplace or school and other important individuals in one's life could provide them with.
These ratings can be helpful in identifying specific types of symptoms, and excluding other problems which may be responsible for them. For example, mood disorders, anxiety, or other psychiatric diseases. They can also be used to determine if a person is suffering from an ADA (American with Disabilities Act) disability, which may allow them to access certain workplace accommodations.
During the interview the evaluator might ask questions about the person's personal life, their development as well as their family and their way of life. They may also interview other people in the life of the person which includes close friends, teachers, and coaches. They will be looking for evidence that the person's symptoms are affecting them at home or at work, as well as socially. They will want to know whether the symptoms started in childhood and aren't explained by other conditions.
Some evaluators may conduct broad-spectrum tests to determine if there are any other psychiatric or emotional issues such as depression or bipolar disorder that may be causing ADHD symptoms. They could also conduct cognitive tests to identify learning disabilities or other problems that can cause similar symptoms.
3. Interviews
It is impossible to diagnose ADHD from a short office visit or conversation. A qualified mental health professional or physician will collect the full account of your behavior that includes symptom lists and the standardized ADHD behavior rating scales. They will also inquire about your family history and background. They might also interview your parents, teachers or other people who know you well. They might ask for your school or work documents and medical records. They will test your cognitive abilities and note how you perform on certain tasks. They may also conduct other tests to rule-out conditions such as seizure or thyroid disorders that can cause symptoms similar ADHD.
A thorough examination with a psychologist or a doctor could take a few weeks. It's important to give accurate answers and not cover up any symptoms or claim they do not exist. Some experts will ask you to speak with your spouse or others who are familiar with your symptoms and whether they were present during your childhood. They will also make sure that your symptoms are not caused by another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
Adults with ADHD could benefit from a proper diagnosis. It will help them get the treatment they require and get the support that they require. It's also a requirement that they obtain workplace accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act, and other federal laws that ban discrimination against those with disabilities. It can be a challenge to get diagnosed but it's the initial step towards learning how to manage your ADHD symptoms and ultimately taking control of your life. In the end, getting an ADHD diagnosis can help you feel more confident in all aspects of your life - personal and professional.
4. brain imaging
Taking a physical examination may be intimidating but it is essential to determine the cause of. A doctor will examine your ears and mouth to determine if there are any red marks or other symptoms of infections. The evaluator will also examine your eyes to look for vision issues. Other tools are employed to examine your neck, back and head. They may require you to remain still or move around while they are observing you.
The evaluator will review the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic guidelines in the"Diagnostic and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition” (DSM-5), to determine if you suffer from ADHD symptoms. The examiner will look at how your symptoms impact your life to determine if you require treatment. This could mean losing your job due impulsive purchases, having difficulty paying your bills, or being placed on academic probation at college.
In addition to interviewing you, the evaluator will also likely talk to other people who know you well. This could include your spouse, kids and other family members. In some instances the evaluator may want to contact teachers and other professionals to get more details about your symptoms.
Many adults may feel a sense of anxiety when they are diagnosed with ADHD. Many adults may feel relieved that they have finally found an answer to their problems, or in a state of shock at the thought of. Regardless of the emotions that come to the surface, it is essential for individuals to pursue a diagnosis if they believe they have ADHD. This can allow them to seek the help they need and improve their lives.
5. Medical Histories
It's important that health professionals know your medical history to rule out any physical causes of ADHD symptoms. They might also talk to your spouse, family members, or close friends, as and anyone else who can provide more insight into your your child's symptoms and their impact on your life. You might also be asked to fill out questionnaires that will give your health care professional a more complete picture of your child's progress and educational history.
Getting a diagnosis of ADHD is a source of relief for many people, knowing that they or their child are not simply incompetent or lazy but are suffering from an illness that requires special intervention and treatment. It can also cause anxiety for those who are given the diagnosis, as they feel shamed and embarrassed that their ADHD symptoms aren't "normal."
When selecting a specialist to conduct an assessment for ADHD consult your primary care doctor or any other reliable source for suggestions. It is also helpful to conduct your own research by finding out what degrees a potential specialist holds as well as their level of expertise working with adults with ADHD. You can also contact your insurance company to find out who they list as qualified professionals and if there's an ADHD support group in your region.